It is a safe procedure as this method excludes radiation or the use of a contrast agent. A reduction in the ABI is a diagnostic measure of PAD as it shows reduced blood flow to the lower extremity 8,9. The normal ABI values lie in the range of 0.90 to 1.40. As blood pressure gets dropped at lower extremities post-exercise in PAD, ABI measures blood pressure above the ankle and detects the return of posterior tibial artery pulse by Doppler ultrasonography post slow deflation of the cuff. It is an inexpensive, efficient, sensitive (90%), and specific (98%) method to screen PAD. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) ABI is a ratio of ankle blood pressure to the highest brachial systolic pressure.Are You at Risk for PAD – Infographic refer Fig.5.The risk of claudication is higher by 2.5 to 4-fold in patients with hypertension 4. Hypertension: Hypertension and PAD are strongly associated. Hyperlipidemia: Hyperlipidemia escalates the risk of developing PAD by 10% with every 10 mg/dL rise in total cholesterol 4. It also increases the risk of heart diseases and early mortality 4. Smoking: The risk of developing PAD is 4 fold higher in smokers than that of nonsmokers they start experiencing the onset of symptoms a decade early 4.ĭiabetes mellitus: Diabetes surges the likelihood of developing symptomatic and asymptomatic PAD by 1.5- to 4-times. Race: The chances of developing PAD in Hispanics are higher compared with non-Hispanic white people 6. Hypercholesterolemia, Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, smoking, and obesity 3.Īge: Persons with age 65 years or above have increased chances of developing PAD 4.įamily history: Family history of PAD, heart diseases, or stroke will have higher odds 5. The CAD and PAD share the same risk factors i.e. Over 42% of patients with CAD also have PAD. A high incidence of CAD and cerebrovascular disease has been observed in PAD patients 2. It may initiate the process of vascular inflammation and tissue death. The build-up of plaque formation can cause blockage in blood supply in limbs and in other parts of the body i.e. Does PAD cause additional health problems?.The risk of coronary artery disease, stroke, and heart attack increases with an untreated PAD 2. PAD is associated with high mortality and morbidity. This may further lead to damage or infection in the limbs and limb-threatening compromise of blood flow. However, in PAD, the fat gets deposited in arteries and develops into plaque which alters the blood flow in the limbs, especially lower limbs. The role of arteries is to provide oxygenated blood to the limbs. Why does peripheral artery disease matter? 1.
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